CNC machines primarily use G-code as their input file format. This is a standardized programming language that provides precise instructions for the machine's movements, tool paths, speeds, and operations like cutting, milling, or drilling. G-code files are typically saved with extensions such as .nc (numerical control) or .tap, though the core format remains G-code.
Key Distinctions in CNC File Workflows
While G-code is what the machine directly interprets, the full process often starts with design files that are converted:
1.CAD files (e.g., STEP/.stp, IGES/.igs, DXF for 2D): These are created in software like SolidWorks or AutoCAD for modeling parts. They aren't machine-readable on their own.
2.CAM software (e.g., Fusion 360, Mastercam): Converts the CAD file into G-code by generating toolpaths and parameters.