Shenzhen Alu Rapid Prototype Precision Co., Ltd.

A ball screw is a mechanical linear actuator commonly used in CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines to convert rotational motion from a motor into precise linear motion with minimal friction. It consists of a threaded shaft (screw) and a nut through which recirculating steel balls roll, enabling smooth and efficient movement while reducing wear and backlash compared to traditional lead screws.

How It Works in CNC Machines

1.Components: The screw has a helical groove, and the nut contains ball bearings that fit into this groove. As the screw rotates (driven by a stepper or servo motor), the balls roll between the screw and nut, translating the rotation into linear displacement.

2.Role in CNC: In machines like mills, lathes, and routers, ball screws drive the axes (X, Y, Z) to position the cutting tool or workpiece accurately. This setup ensures high precision, repeatability, and speed, which are critical for tasks like engraving or machining complex parts.

3.Advantages: They offer 80-90% less friction than standard machined screws, higher efficiency (up to 90%), and better rigidity for torque transmission, making them ideal for industrial CNC applications over alternatives like rack-and-pinion systems.