Shenzhen Alu Rapid Prototype Precision Co., Ltd.

A CNC EDM (Computer Numerical Control Electrical Discharge Machining) machine is a precision manufacturing tool that uses computer-controlled electrical sparks to erode material from a conductive workpiece, enabling the creation of intricate shapes in hard metals without physical contact. This non-traditional machining process is ideal for producing complex geometries, tight tolerances, and fragile parts that traditional CNC mills or lathes might damage.

How It Works

The machine generates rapid electrical discharges (sparks) between an electrode (or thin wire) and the workpiece submerged in a dielectric fluid (like deionized water or oil). These sparks create intense heat—up to 12,000°F—forming a plasma channel that vaporizes tiny bits of material from the workpiece. The computer control (CNC) automates the electrode's movement along programmed paths for accuracy down to microns. Unlike conventional cutting, there's no tool wear or mechanical stress.

Main Types

Wire EDM: Uses a continuously moving thin wire (brass or coated) as the electrode to cut contours, similar to a bandsaw but with sparks.

Sinker (Die-Sinking) EDM: The electrode (shaped like the desired cavity) is lowered into the workpiece to "sink" out forms, often for molds and dies.

Hole-Drilling EDM: Specialized for creating small, deep holes using a rotating tubular electrode.

Applications and Advantages

CNC EDM excels in industries like aerospace, automotive, medical, and toolmaking for cutting hardened steels, titanium, or carbides. It's highly precise (tolerances <0.0001 inches) but slower and more expensive for high-volume production compared to traditional CNC methods. Costs vary by machine size and features, but it's unmatched for heat-treated or exotic materials.